| True | False |
| Pulpal inflammation starts only after the bacteria enter the pulp |
| Antigens alone cannot initiate inflammation of the pulp |
| True | False |
| Attrition, abrasion and erosion immediately affect the dentin/pulp complex |
| True | False |
| Pulp may become rapidly irritated by a fracture not extending to the pulp |
| True | False |
| Microfractures often cause sharp pain upon occlusal activity |
| Microfractures are best diagnosed by a radiograph |
| Microfractures are best diagnosed by fiber optics |
| True | False |
| Hypersensitive dentine can only be treated by a root canal treatment |
| Hypersensitive dentine is often caused by exposed dentine at the cervical area of the tooth |
| Blocking/fixing (fixation) of dentinal tubules by Desensitizer, e.g., often helps in hypersensitive dentine |
| True | False |
| Swelling & abscesses always localize exactly by the affected tooth |
| Swelling & abscesses are mainly caused by extruded endodontic materials |
| Swelling & abscesses are mainly caused by micro-organisms |
| The main components in pus are bacteria |
| The main components in pus are tissue remnants |
| True | False |
| Open sinus tract is usually observed together with severe pain |
| A closed sinus tract is always a sign of a complete eradication of infection |
| True | False |
| Tooth discoloration is never caused by pulpal necrosis |
| Tooth discoloration is always caused by pulpal necrosis |
| Silver-containing root canal-sealers may cause discoloration of the teeth |
| True | False |
| Sensitivity to vertical percussion is a sign of possible apical inflammation |
| The tooth is always necrotic if it is sensitive to vertical percussion. |
| A tooth with vertical root fracture will never respond with pain upon percussion. |
| True | False |
| Palpation is done with the index finger |
| Increased sensitivity to palpation at the tooth apex is a sign of apical inflammation |
| True | False |
| Increased mobility can be a sign of advanced marginal periodontitis |
| Increased mobility can be a sign of apical periodontitis |
| Increased mobility can be a sign of vertical root fracture |
| True | False |
| Elimination of occlusal interferences is sometimes enough to relieve the patient from their symptoms (sensitivity to percussion) |
| True | False |
| The ice stick is the only way to perform a cold test |
| Cold test cannot be done with teeth with a crown |
| A negative response to cold test indicates pulpal necrosis |
| A positive response to cold test indicates always healthy pulp |
| True | False |
| Sensitivity to heat can be tested with warm gutta-percha |
| True | False |
| For EPT, the tooth should be isolated from neighboring teeth and air-dried |
| In teeth with calcified canals the EPT tip should be placed at the cervical area of the tooth |
| The electrical pulp test always give you a detailed analysis of the pulpal status |
| EPT may give a false negative result |
| True | False |
| Marginal periodontitis is always easy to diagnose from apical periodontitis |
| True | False |
| Mucosal lesions (herpes, afta) can be confused with odontogenic pain |
| In primary herpes the pain can begin before any clinical signs of a mucosal lesion |
| True | False |
| Parallel technique is preferred to taking endodontic radiographs |
| Digital radiography: CCD sensors are faster than phosphor plates |
| CCD-sensors should preferably be used with bisecting technique |
| Digital radiographs can be edited to enhance viewing |
| True | False |
| A preoperative radiograph must always be available before endodontic treatment |
| A fistulograph can give valuable information of the source of the infection |
| Use of two different types of files (K, H, e.g.) is recommended for WL radiograph when two canals is present in one root |
| Rubber dam should be removed when taking a radiograph |
| True | False |
| Ca 20% of teeth with irreversible pulpitis are symptomatic |
| Pulpitis is always easily diagnosed. |
| Canal obliteration may be a sign of chronic pulpitis |
| Large apical lesion may be a sign of pulpitis |
| True | False |
| The pulp is usually vital |
| A lesion in bone will usually be observed apically in the radiograph |
| Ca. 80% of apical periodontitis cases are symptomatic |
| The lesion can locate only laterally in some cases |
| True | False |
| A radicular cyst can be reliably diagnosed by a radiograph |
| A radicular cyst can be reliably diagnosed histologically |
| Radicular cyst is typically pear-shaped |
| A tooth with a radicular cyst always has apical periodontitis |
| A tooth with apical periodontitis always has a radicular cyst |
| True | False |
| Craze line usually requires invasive treatment |
| True | False |
| Crack tooth has separated fragments |
| Crack tooth cannot occur in canines |
| Crack tooth: fracture line starts in the crown area |
| Crack tooth: fracture line is bucco-lingual |
| True | False |
| Split tooth has separated fragments |
| Split tooth can usually be save by endodontic treatment |
| True | False |
| Typical radiographic shape of the lesion in vertical root fracture is round |
| Typical radiographic shape of the lesion in vertical root fracture is pear shaped |
| Vertical root fracture can occur in canines |
| Vertical root fracture is bucco-lingual |
| There is always a pocket with vertical root fracture |
| True | False |
| Cervical resorption starts in the root canal |
| Cervical resorption starts cervically |
| True | False |
| Internal inflammatory root resorption is common |
| Part of the pulp is vital in active internal inflammatory root resorption |
| True | False |
| The pulp is necrotic in external inflammatory root resorption |
| True | False |
| There is typically a bony lesion in advancing replacement resorption |
| True | False |
| Differential diagnosis of pulpitis can be herpes |
| Differential diagnosis of pulpitis can be neuropathic pain |
| The origin of pain in the oral cavity is always easy to find. |
| True | False |
| Necrosis can be verified by EPT |
| It is usually enough to test only the suspected tooth |
| True | False |
| Some anatomical structures may be misdiagnosed as apical periodontitis |
| Periapical cement dysplasia needs treatment. |
| True | False |
| The pulp is always necrotic in radicular cyst |
| The tooth is necrotic in traumatic bone cyst |
| True | False |
| Cervical resorption begins apical to the junctional epithelium |
| True | False |
| Canal boundaries always disappear in internal inflammatory root resorption |
| True | False |
| External inflamm. root resorption typically starts 3d - 2 weeks after trauma |
| True | False |
| Replacement resorption proceeds rapidly |
| Inflammatory changes in the bone adjacent to the replacement resorption are usually detected in the radiograph |