Endodontic treatment of tooth 31 of a 12-year-old girl had been started in summer 1998. Anamnesis revealed old trauma in the region. Because of poor response the patient was referred to endodontic specialist december 1998 after V-penicillin treatment. Extraoral fistula and swelling were present. Tooth 32 was also included into endodontic treatment. During January-February patient was given new V-pen treatment that was changed after two days to a combination of amoxicillin and metronidazole. A bacteriological sample was taken 150299 from intraoral incision site (buccal vestibulum). Because of poor response the patient was referred further to a university endodontic clinic. The radiograph is taken january 6th 1999.

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