| True | False |
| Odontoblasts are found only in the coronal pulp |
| The lifespan of odontoblasts is 1 - 3 weeks |
| Fibroblasts are responsible for secondary dentine production |
| Secondary dentine is more porous than primary dentine |
| Odontoblastic processes extend to the dentine-enamel border |
| Stem cells are found in the pulp |
| Cell free zone of Weil is next to the odontoblastic layer |
| Cell free zone of Weil is located between odontoblasts and predentine |
| Dendritic cells form tertiary dentine |
| Dendritic cells detect and present antigens to other immune cells |
| Dendritic cells are more densely organised in the periphery than in the central pulp. |
| Leukocytes are not found in normal pulp. |
| Pulpal inflammation starts only after the bacteria enter the pulp |
| Microbial irritants are more important in pulpitis than chemical irritants |
| Chemical iritation can stimulate secondary dentine formation |
| Leaking fillings challenge pulp mostly by chemical irritants. |
| Pulp tolerates better high than low temperatures |
| Crown preparation without perforation can cause internal bleeding in the pulp |
| Internal bleeding can cause discoloration of the crown |
| A necrotic tooth is always infected |
| Apical periodontitis follows necrosis always within 1 - 3 weeks |
| Antigens alone cannot initiate inflammation of the pulp |
| Eugenol can stimulate secondary dentine formation through dentine |
| Apical periodontitis always follows soon after ischemic necrosis |
| In acute apical periodontitis (AAP) the lesion may be poorly seen during the first days |
| Lateral periodontitis is as common as apical periodontitis |
| The etiology of a lateral lesion is different from that of apical lesion |
| Osteoclastic cells are involved in bone resorption in apical periodontitis |
| Cytocines are involved in pulpitis but not in apical periodontitis |
| Macrophages are not present in the apical lesions |
| Anaerobic bacteria dominate in primary apical periontitis |
| Enterococcus faecalis is the most frequent finding in promary apical periodontitis |
| Enterococcus faecalis is present in ca 50% of retreatment cases |
| Enteric bacteria are more common in retreatment than in primary apical periodontitis |
| Fusobacterium nucleatum is often found in spreading infections |
| Yeasts are typically present in primary apical periodontitis |
| Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis are rarely found in abscesses |
| Caries lesion is the most typical pathway for bacteria to enter the pulp |
| Bacteria can enter the pulp through a lateral canal |
| Bacteria cannot enter the pulp through an invagination |
| Epithelial cells are found in ca 50% of radicular cysts |
| Bay cysts may respond better for conservative endodontic treatment than true cysts |
| A fibrous capsule typically surrounds epithelium in a radicular cyst |
| Bone resorption is always a pathological condition |
| Bone turn-over rate is ca. 2 - 3 years |
| Osteoclasts use acidity and hydrolytic enzymes to resrob bone |
| Pulp is partly vital in active internal inflammatory root resorption |
| (Root) Surface resorption is rare |
| Surface resorption cannot heal once started |
| Surface resorption cannot usually be seen in the radiographs |
| Reparative cementum can be thicker than normal root surface cementum |
| Cervical resorption starts coronally to junctional epithelium |
| A red discoloration (pink spot) may be an indication of cervical resorption |
| Cervical resorption always perforates the pulp |
| Type I cervical resorption is the largest type. |
| Type IV cervical resorption can grow both coronally and apically |
| Osteoid (hard) tissue can sometimes be detected in cervical resorption lesion inside the tooth |
| The etiology of multiple cervical resorption is not known |
| External inflammatory root resorption typically starts after intrusion injury |
| External inflammatory root resorption proceeds slowly |
| External inflammatory root resorption involves small areas on the root surface |